Samenvatting
Purpose: To examine the test–retest reliability and validity of ten activity trackers for step counting at three different walking speeds. Methods:
Thirty-one healthy participants walked twice on a treadmill for 30 min while wearing 10 activity trackers (Polar Loop, Garmin
Vivosmart, Fitbit Charge HR, Apple Watch Sport, Pebble Smartwatch, Samsung Gear S, Misfit Flash, Jawbone Up Move, Flyfit, and
Moves). Participants walked three walking speeds for 10 min each; slow (3.2 kmIhj1), average (4.8 kmIhj1), and vigorous (6.4 kmIhj1).
To measure test–retest reliability, intraclass correlations (ICC) were determined between the first and second treadmill test. Validity was
determined by comparing the trackers with the gold standard (hand counting), using mean differences, mean absolute percentage errors,
and ICC. Statistical differences were calculated by paired-sample t tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and by constructing Bland–Altman
plots. Results: Test–retest reliability varied with ICC ranging from j0.02 to 0.97. Validity varied between trackers and different walking
speeds with mean differences between the gold standard and activity trackers ranging from 0.0 to 26.4%. Most trackers showed relatively
low ICC and broad limits of agreement of the Bland–Altman plots at the different speeds. For the slow walking speed, the Garmin
Vivosmart and Fitbit Charge HR showed the most accurate results. The Garmin Vivosmart and Apple Watch Sport demonstrated the best
accuracy at an average walking speed. For vigorous walking, the Apple Watch Sport, Pebble Smartwatch, and Samsung Gear S exhibited
the most accurate results. Conclusion: Test–retest reliability and validity of activity trackers depends on walking speed. In general,
consumer activity trackers perform better at an average and vigorous walking speed than at a slower walking speed.
Thirty-one healthy participants walked twice on a treadmill for 30 min while wearing 10 activity trackers (Polar Loop, Garmin
Vivosmart, Fitbit Charge HR, Apple Watch Sport, Pebble Smartwatch, Samsung Gear S, Misfit Flash, Jawbone Up Move, Flyfit, and
Moves). Participants walked three walking speeds for 10 min each; slow (3.2 kmIhj1), average (4.8 kmIhj1), and vigorous (6.4 kmIhj1).
To measure test–retest reliability, intraclass correlations (ICC) were determined between the first and second treadmill test. Validity was
determined by comparing the trackers with the gold standard (hand counting), using mean differences, mean absolute percentage errors,
and ICC. Statistical differences were calculated by paired-sample t tests, Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and by constructing Bland–Altman
plots. Results: Test–retest reliability varied with ICC ranging from j0.02 to 0.97. Validity varied between trackers and different walking
speeds with mean differences between the gold standard and activity trackers ranging from 0.0 to 26.4%. Most trackers showed relatively
low ICC and broad limits of agreement of the Bland–Altman plots at the different speeds. For the slow walking speed, the Garmin
Vivosmart and Fitbit Charge HR showed the most accurate results. The Garmin Vivosmart and Apple Watch Sport demonstrated the best
accuracy at an average walking speed. For vigorous walking, the Apple Watch Sport, Pebble Smartwatch, and Samsung Gear S exhibited
the most accurate results. Conclusion: Test–retest reliability and validity of activity trackers depends on walking speed. In general,
consumer activity trackers perform better at an average and vigorous walking speed than at a slower walking speed.
Originele taal-2 | English |
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Pagina's (van-tot) | 793-800 |
Tijdschrift | Medicine & science in sports & exercise |
Volume | 49 |
Nummer van het tijdschrift | 4 |
DOI's | |
Status | Published - apr. 2017 |
Keywords
- consumenten
- bewegen (activiteit)
- sensortechnologie