Maintaining Well-Being in Times of Limited Social Contacts: Experiences of Community-Dwelling Older Adults Living Alone During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Sudden disruptions to the social environment of older adults living alone, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can challenge their ability to maintain well-being. This study employed an interpretative phenomenological analysis to explore how Dutch older adults (≥65 years) living alone maintained their well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. Between June and October 2021, we conducted 20 semi-structured interviews with older adults living alone in the Netherlands. Participants were recruited through online newsletters and home care and social work institutions. We identified three key themes. The theme “Filling the void of being alone” captures participants’ ongoing search for a sense of connection, and the challenges they faced related to social exclusion. The theme “Navigating challenging situations to maintain well-being” illustrates participants’ struggle with disrupted daily routines and how they tried to regain a sense of control to stay well. Lastly, the theme “Reverberating echoes of the past” conveys how participants’ life histories shaped their responses to the pandemic and the role of acceptance in this process. Overall, our results highlight great individual variability in how older adults living alone maintained their well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. This underscores the need for interventions and support strategies that accommodate the unique needs of older adults living alone when opportunities for social engagement are limited.