Local energy developments based on spatial and systemic approaches

Local energy developments from a spatial and systemic approach are highlighted using examples from a Dutch case study. Developments in energy systems included interconnectedness of contextual factors and systems responses. The need to explore both the contextual factors and systemic aspects are illustrated. Using the case study of Energy Valley. Similarities and influences of local energy systems to the national and EU levels are also highlighted. The research used a complex adaptive approach to cluster developments to understand energy systems developments.