Evaluating BECCS-biochar systems as hybrid negative emission technologies through life cycle assessment

This study investigates the integration of biochar production with CCS as a hybrid biomass-based CDR pathway that could enhance net carbon sequestration while reducing pyrolysis-related CO2 emissions. Biochar and BECCS are often treated as separate options, even though they rely on similar biomass supply chains and offer complementary strengths. This creates both an integration opportunity and a methodological gap. Here, the proposed BC+CCS concept is assessed alongside standalone biochar and BECCS within a unified framework that combines LCA with time-explicit carbon removal accounting using Climate Effect Value. The study specifically evaluates whether process integration can minimize pyrolysis-related emissions, improve the use of biochar and energy co-products, and maintain CCS capture performance without introducing additional environmental burdens.