Enhancing shared decision making in paediatric speech and language therapy: A description of the ENGAGE intervention

Background Children with developmental language disorders (DLD) face ongoing challenges in language and communication, impacting their learning, literacy, social interactions, and emotional well-being. Speech and language therapy interventions have been shown to positively influence the language abilities and communication skills of children with DLD. However, these interventions are often not described in full detail, hindering effective implementation, replication, and the advancement of knowledge. Method We used the Template for Intervention Description and Replication (TIDieR) checklist and guide to describe the ENGAGE tool, which supports shared decision-making between parents and SLTs about communicative participation goals for children with DLD. The description was based on the development process, the ENGAGE user manual, and an interview study on its impact on SLT practice. Results We provided a detailed description of the ENGAGE intervention using the 12 items from the TIDieR checklist and guide, facilitating easier implementation and replication. Discussion Reflecting on our findings, we discussed the evolution of shared decision-making models, comparing Elwyn et al.'s (2012) model with the updated goal-based model by Elwyn & Vermunt (2020). The new model highlights the importance of collaborative goal setting in speech and language therapy. Our findings suggest that the ENGAGE tool aligns well with the latest theoretical advancements in shared decision-making.