Construct validity of an adult pain observation scale for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: The APOS-PIMD

A. Enninga; Wendy Post; Aly Waninge; Annette Van der Putten

doi:10.3109/13668250.2025.2531706

Construct validity of an adult pain observation scale for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: The APOS-PIMD

Vertaalde titel van de bijdrage: Constructvaliditeit van een pijnobservatieschaal voor volwassenen met een ernstige verstandelijke en meervoudige beperking : De APOS-PIMD

A. Enninga (First author)
, Wendy Post
, Aly Waninge
, Annette Van der Putten

Participatie en gezondheid van mensen met een verstandelijke en visuele beperking

University of Groningen, Department of Inclusive and Special Needs Education
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen, Gezondheidspsychologie

Onderzoeksoutput: Article › Academic › peer review

Samenvatting

Achtergrond
Objectieve beoordeling van pijngerelateerd gedrag is cruciaal bij volwassenen met een ernstige verstandelijke en meervoudige beperking. Er is momenteel geen gestandaardiseerd instrument voor pijnobservatie beschikbaar dat specifiek op deze doelgroep is gericht. In een eerder onderzoek zijn 12 pijngerelateerde gedragingen bij deze personen geïdentificeerd. Dit onderzoek had tot doel een valide en betrouwbaar instrument te ontwikkelen op basis van deze 12 pijngerelateerde gedragingen om pijn bij deze volwassenen in dagelijkse situaties te beoordelen.

Methode
Video's van 91 volwassenen met een ernstige verstandelijke en meervoudige beperking in potentieel pijnlijke dagelijkse situaties werden gescoord aan de hand van de 12 pijngerelateerde gedragingen. Mokken-schaalanalyse werd gebruikt om de constructvaliditeit van deze items te bepalen.

Resultaten
De analyse resulteerde in een schaal met 9 items (H = 0,46, Rho = 0,70), die onafhankelijk bleek te zijn van de variabelen geslacht, leeftijd en motorisch functioneren.

Conclusie
Er werd een schaal met 9 items (APOS-PIMD) ontwikkeld met een redelijke constructvaliditeit en voldoende betrouwbaarheid, die kan worden gebruikt om pijn te meten bij volwassenen met ernstige verstandelijke en meervoudige beperkingen in dagelijkse situaties.

Vertaalde titel van de bijdrage	Constructvaliditeit van een pijnobservatieschaal voor volwassenen met een ernstige verstandelijke en meervoudige beperking : De APOS-PIMD
Originele taal-2	English
Aantal pagina's	10
Tijdschrift	Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability
DOI's	https://doi.org/10.3109/13668250.2025.2531706
Status	Published - 29 jul. 2025

Keywords

APOS-PIMD
Mokken schaalanalyse
ernstige verstandelijke en meervoudige beperkingen
pijnobservatieschaal
geldigheid

Research Focus Areas Hanze University of Applied Sciences

Healthy Ageing

Research Focus Areas Research Centre or Centre of Expertise

Gezonde leefstijl en leefomgeving
Kwetsbaarheid en passende zorg

Publinova thema's

Overig
Recreatie, Beweging & Sport
Gezondheid
Mens en Maatschappij

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10.3109/13668250.2025.2531706Licentie: CC BY

Citeer dit

@article{9dacb518095d49679cfcc7198862ca39,

title = "Construct validity of an adult pain observation scale for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: The APOS-PIMD",

abstract = "Background: Objective assessment of pain-related behaviours is crucial in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. No standardised pain observation instrument that specifically focuses on this target group is currently available. A previous study identified 12 pain-related behaviours in these persons. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable instrument based on these 12 pain-related behaviours to assess pain in these adults in daily situations. Method: Videos of 91 adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in potentially painful daily situations were scored using the 12 pain-related behaviour items. Mokken scale analysis was used to determine the construct validity of these items. Results: Analysis resulted in a 9-item scale (H =.46, Rho =.70), which appeared to be sample independent for the variables of sex, age and level of motor functioning. Conclusion: A scale containing 9 items (APOS-PIMD) with reasonable construct validity and sufficient reliability was developed, which can be used to measure pain in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in daily situations.",

keywords = "APOS-PIMD, Mokken schaalanalyse, ernstige verstandelijke en meervoudige beperkingen, pijnobservatieschaal, geldigheid, APOS-PIMD, Mokken scale analysis;, profound intellectual and multiple disabilities;, pain observation scale, validity",

author = "A. Enninga and Wendy Post and Aly Waninge and \{Van der Putten\}, Annette",

year = "2025",

month = jul,

day = "29",

doi = "10.3109/13668250.2025.2531706",

language = "English",

journal = "Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability",

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T1 - Construct validity of an adult pain observation scale for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities

T2 - The APOS-PIMD

AU - Enninga, A.

AU - Post, Wendy

AU - Waninge, Aly

AU - Van der Putten, Annette

PY - 2025/7/29

Y1 - 2025/7/29

N2 - Background: Objective assessment of pain-related behaviours is crucial in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. No standardised pain observation instrument that specifically focuses on this target group is currently available. A previous study identified 12 pain-related behaviours in these persons. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable instrument based on these 12 pain-related behaviours to assess pain in these adults in daily situations. Method: Videos of 91 adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in potentially painful daily situations were scored using the 12 pain-related behaviour items. Mokken scale analysis was used to determine the construct validity of these items. Results: Analysis resulted in a 9-item scale (H =.46, Rho =.70), which appeared to be sample independent for the variables of sex, age and level of motor functioning. Conclusion: A scale containing 9 items (APOS-PIMD) with reasonable construct validity and sufficient reliability was developed, which can be used to measure pain in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in daily situations.

AB - Background: Objective assessment of pain-related behaviours is crucial in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities. No standardised pain observation instrument that specifically focuses on this target group is currently available. A previous study identified 12 pain-related behaviours in these persons. This study aimed to develop a valid and reliable instrument based on these 12 pain-related behaviours to assess pain in these adults in daily situations. Method: Videos of 91 adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in potentially painful daily situations were scored using the 12 pain-related behaviour items. Mokken scale analysis was used to determine the construct validity of these items. Results: Analysis resulted in a 9-item scale (H =.46, Rho =.70), which appeared to be sample independent for the variables of sex, age and level of motor functioning. Conclusion: A scale containing 9 items (APOS-PIMD) with reasonable construct validity and sufficient reliability was developed, which can be used to measure pain in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities in daily situations.

KW - APOS-PIMD

KW - Mokken schaalanalyse

KW - ernstige verstandelijke en meervoudige beperkingen

KW - pijnobservatieschaal

KW - geldigheid

KW - APOS-PIMD

KW - Mokken scale analysis;

KW - profound intellectual and multiple disabilities;

KW - pain observation scale

KW - validity

U2 - 10.3109/13668250.2025.2531706

DO - 10.3109/13668250.2025.2531706

M3 - Article

SN - 1366-8250

JO - Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability

JF - Journal of Intellectual and Developmental Disability

ER -

Construct validity of an adult pain observation scale for people with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: The APOS-PIMD

Samenvatting

Keywords

Research Focus Areas Hanze University of Applied Sciences

Research Focus Areas Research Centre or Centre of Expertise

Publinova thema's

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