The impact of lighting and indoor air quality conditions on students’ well-being in higher education: a full factorial design approach

Henk Willem Brink; Wim Krijnen; Marcel G.L.C. Loomans; Mark P. Mobach; Helianthe S.M. Kort

The impact of lighting and indoor air quality conditions on students’ well-being in higher education: a full factorial design approach

Henk Willem Brink
, Wim Krijnen
, Marcel G.L.C. Loomans
, Mark P. Mobach
, Helianthe S.M. Kort

University of Groningen, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences
Eindhoven University of Technology
The Hague University of Applied Sciences, Research Centre Mission Zero, Research Group Spatial Environment and the User
Utrecht University of Applied Sciences, Research Centre Sustainable and Healthy Living, Research Group Technology for Healthcare Innovations

Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper › Academic

146 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

This study examines the impact of moderate and high lighting and indoor air quality (IAQ) conditions on students’ well-being during a regular academic course in higher education. To determine the precise contribution of these two indoor environmental factors, students’ perceptions of their well-being were examined with the Positive and Negative Affect, Basic Emotional Process, and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Data were collected from 83 students, resulting in 285 responses, distributed across four combinations of moderate and high IAQ conditions, resp. > 800 ppm ≤ 950 ppm carbon dioxide (CO2) and < 800 ppm CO2, and moderate and high horizontal illuminance (HI) levels, resp. 500 lx and 750 lx. The results indicated that high HI levels did not enhance students’ perceived well-being compared to moderate levels. However, high IAQ conditions significantly contributes to students’ well-being, compared to moderate conditions. Interaction effects between the two factors were observed at moderate conditions.

Original language	English
Pages	1157
Number of pages	9
Publication status	Published - 11 Jul 2025
Event	6th International Conference on Building Energy and Environment - Eindhoven University, Eindhoven, Netherlands Duration: 6 Jul 2025 → 10 Jul 2025 https://cobee2025.cobee2025.org/

Conference

Conference	6th International Conference on Building Energy and Environment
Abbreviated title	COBEE 2025
Country/Territory	Netherlands
City	Eindhoven
Period	6/07/25 → 10/07/25
Internet address	https://cobee2025.cobee2025.org/

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 03 Good Health and Well-being

Keywords

emotional response
horizontal illuminance
higher education
indoor environmental quality

Research Focus Areas Hanze University of Applied Sciences * (mandatory by Hanze)

Healthy Ageing

Research Focus Areas Research Centre or Centre of Expertise * (mandatory by Hanze)

Health & Wellbeing
Frailty and adequate care

Publinova themes

Other
Health

Access to Document

Effect of Air Quality and Lighting On Students Wellbeing_COBEE2025 Final (2.2)Final published version, 541 KBLicence: CC BY

1 Paper

The impact of lighting and indoor air quality conditions on students’ comfort and performance in higher education: a 2x2 factorial design approach
Brink, H. W., Krijnen, W., Loomans, M. G. L. C., Mobach, M. P. & Kort, H. S. M., 7 Dec 2025, p. 42-52. 11 p.
Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper › Academic

Open Access
File
74 Downloads (Pure)

2 Oral presentation

The impact of lighting and indoor air quality conditions on students’ well-being in higher education: a full factorial design approach
Brink, H. W. (Speaker)
9 Jul 2025
Activity: Talk or presentation › Oral presentation
The impact of lighting and indoor air quality conditions on students’ comfort and performance in higher education: a 2x2 factorial design approach
Brink, H. W. (Speaker)
1 Dec 2025
Activity: Talk or presentation › Oral presentation

Cite this

@conference{e8d24fec4711499c8790cb205c13a037,

title = "The impact of lighting and indoor air quality conditions on students{\textquoteright} well-being in higher education: a full factorial design approach",

abstract = "This study examines the impact of moderate and high lighting and indoor air quality (IAQ) conditions on students{\textquoteright} well-being during a regular academic course in higher education. To determine the precise contribution of these two indoor environmental factors, students{\textquoteright} perceptions of their well-being were examined with the Positive and Negative Affect, Basic Emotional Process, and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Data were collected from 83 students, resulting in 285 responses, distributed across four combinations of moderate and high IAQ conditions, resp. > 800 ppm ≤ 950 ppm carbon dioxide (CO2) and < 800 ppm CO2, and moderate and high horizontal illuminance (HI) levels, resp. 500 lx and 750 lx. The results indicated that high HI levels did not enhance students{\textquoteright} perceived well-being compared to moderate levels. However, high IAQ conditions significantly contributes to students{\textquoteright} well-being, compared to moderate conditions. Interaction effects between the two factors were observed at moderate conditions.",

keywords = "emotional response, horizontal illuminance, higher education, indoor environmental quality, emotionele reactie, horizontale verlichtingssterkte, hoger onderwijs, kwaliteit van het binnenklimaat",

author = "Brink, \{Henk Willem\} and Wim Krijnen and Loomans, \{Marcel G.L.C.\} and Mobach, \{Mark P.\} and Kort, \{Helianthe S.M.\}",

year = "2025",

month = jul,

day = "11",

language = "English",

pages = "1157",

note = "6th International Conference on Building Energy and Environment, COBEE 2025 ; Conference date: 06-07-2025 Through 10-07-2025",

url = "https://cobee2025.cobee2025.org/",

}

The impact of lighting and indoor air quality conditions on students’ well-being in higher education: a full factorial design approach. / Brink, Henk Willem ; Krijnen, Wim; Loomans, Marcel G.L.C. et al.
2025. 1157 Paper presented at 6th International Conference on Building Energy and Environment, Eindhoven, Netherlands.

Research output: Contribution to conference › Paper › Academic

TY - CONF

T1 - The impact of lighting and indoor air quality conditions on students’ well-being in higher education

T2 - 6th International Conference on Building Energy and Environment

AU - Brink, Henk Willem

AU - Krijnen, Wim

AU - Loomans, Marcel G.L.C.

AU - Mobach, Mark P.

AU - Kort, Helianthe S.M.

PY - 2025/7/11

Y1 - 2025/7/11

N2 - This study examines the impact of moderate and high lighting and indoor air quality (IAQ) conditions on students’ well-being during a regular academic course in higher education. To determine the precise contribution of these two indoor environmental factors, students’ perceptions of their well-being were examined with the Positive and Negative Affect, Basic Emotional Process, and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Data were collected from 83 students, resulting in 285 responses, distributed across four combinations of moderate and high IAQ conditions, resp. > 800 ppm ≤ 950 ppm carbon dioxide (CO2) and < 800 ppm CO2, and moderate and high horizontal illuminance (HI) levels, resp. 500 lx and 750 lx. The results indicated that high HI levels did not enhance students’ perceived well-being compared to moderate levels. However, high IAQ conditions significantly contributes to students’ well-being, compared to moderate conditions. Interaction effects between the two factors were observed at moderate conditions.

AB - This study examines the impact of moderate and high lighting and indoor air quality (IAQ) conditions on students’ well-being during a regular academic course in higher education. To determine the precise contribution of these two indoor environmental factors, students’ perceptions of their well-being were examined with the Positive and Negative Affect, Basic Emotional Process, and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale. Data were collected from 83 students, resulting in 285 responses, distributed across four combinations of moderate and high IAQ conditions, resp. > 800 ppm ≤ 950 ppm carbon dioxide (CO2) and < 800 ppm CO2, and moderate and high horizontal illuminance (HI) levels, resp. 500 lx and 750 lx. The results indicated that high HI levels did not enhance students’ perceived well-being compared to moderate levels. However, high IAQ conditions significantly contributes to students’ well-being, compared to moderate conditions. Interaction effects between the two factors were observed at moderate conditions.

KW - emotional response

KW - horizontal illuminance

KW - higher education

KW - indoor environmental quality

KW - emotionele reactie

KW - horizontale verlichtingssterkte

KW - hoger onderwijs

KW - kwaliteit van het binnenklimaat

M3 - Paper

SP - 1157

Y2 - 6 July 2025 through 10 July 2025

ER -

The impact of lighting and indoor air quality conditions on students’ well-being in higher education: a full factorial design approach

Abstract

Conference

UN SDGs

Keywords

Research Focus Areas Hanze University of Applied Sciences * (mandatory by Hanze)

Research Focus Areas Research Centre or Centre of Expertise * (mandatory by Hanze)

Publinova themes

Access to Document

Fingerprint

Research output

The impact of lighting and indoor air quality conditions on students’ comfort and performance in higher education: a 2x2 factorial design approach

Activities