Difference in postprandial GLP-1 response despite similar glucose kinetics after consumption of wheat breads with different particle size in healthy men

Coby Eelderink, Martijn W.J. Noort, Nesli Sozer, Martijn Koehorst, Jens J. Holst, Carolyn F. Deacon, Jens F. Rehfeld, Kaisa Poutanen, Roel J. Vonk, Lizette Oudhuis, Marion G. Priebe

Research output: Contribution to journalArticleAcademicpeer-review

Abstract

Purpose: Underlying mechanisms of the beneficial health effects of low glycemic index starchy foods are not fully elucidated yet. We varied the wheat particle size to obtain fiber-rich breads with a high and low glycemic response and investigated the differences in postprandial glucose kinetics and metabolic response after their consumption. Methods: Ten healthy male volunteers participated in a randomized, crossover study, consuming 13C-enriched breads with different structures; a control bread (CB) made from wheat flour combined with wheat bran, and a kernel bread (KB) where 85 % of flour was substituted with broken wheat kernels. The structure of the breads was characterized extensively. The use of stable isotopes enabled calculation of glucose kinetics: rate of appearance of exogenous glucose, endogenous glucose production, and glucose clearance rate. Additionally, postprandial plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin, glucagon, incretins, cholecystokinin, and bile acids were analyzed. Results: Despite the attempt to obtain a bread with a low glycemic response by replacing flour by broken kernels, the glycemic response and glucose kinetics were quite similar after consumption of CB and KB. Interestingly, the glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) response was much lower after KB compared to CB (iAUC, P 
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1063-1076
Number of pages14
JournalEuropean Journal of Nutrition
Volume56
Issue number3
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 8 Feb 2016
Externally publishedYes

Keywords

  • bile acids
  • bread processing
  • glucagon-like peptide-1
  • glucose kinetics
  • glycemic index
  • wheat kernels

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